Uniportal VATS For Lung Cancer

Introduction

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early detection and effective treatment are crucial for improving survival rates. Among the various surgical techniques available for lung cancer, Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional open surgery. Uniportal VATS, a more recent advancement, involves performing the surgery through a single small incision, enhancing recovery times and reducing postoperative pain.

Uniportal VATS has gained popularity due to its minimally invasive nature, which offers patients a quicker return to normal activities and fewer complications. This technique is particularly beneficial for patients with early-stage lung cancer, allowing surgeons to remove tumors with precision and minimal impact on surrounding tissues. In this guide, we will explore the symptoms of lung cancer, the benefits of Uniportal VATS, and the typical treatment protocol using this innovative surgical approach.

Symptoms
  1. Persistent Cough : A cough that doesn't go away or worsens over time.
  2. Chest Pain : Pain that is often worsened by deep breathing, coughing, or laughing.
  3. Shortness of Breath : Difficulty breathing or feeling out of breath, often during everyday activities.
  4. Wheezing : A high-pitched whistling sound while breathing.
  5. Coughing Up Blood : Even a small amount of blood can be indicative of a serious condition.
  6. Fatigue : Persistent tiredness or weakness
  7. Weight Loss : Unintended weight loss and loss of appetite.
  8. Hoarseness : Changes in the voice or becoming hoarse.
  9. Frequent Infections : Recurring respiratory infections such as bronchitis or pneumonia.
Surgical Procedure
  1. Single Incision : A small, single incision (typically 4 cm) is made, usually in the intercostal space between the ribs.
  2. Insertion of Instruments : A thoracoscope (a tiny camera) and surgical instruments are inserted through this single incision.
  3. Tumor Removal : The surgeon uses these instruments to carefully remove the lung tumor and possibly some surrounding tissue or lymph nodes, depending on the cancer's stage.
  4. Closure : Once the tumor is removed, the instruments are withdrawn, and the incision is closed with sutures.
Advantage of Uniportal VATS:
  1. Decrease blood loss
  2. Decreased postoperative pain
  3. Shorter hospital stay
  4. Preservation of pulmonary function
  5. Rapid post op recovery
  6. Superior cosmetic results
  7. For surgeon, it provides a more anatomic and direct view of the target tissues and it allows bimanual instrumentation, as in an open approach.